Which condition can lidocaine be used for during resuscitation?

Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication that can be utilized in various scenarios during cardiac resuscitation. One key use of lidocaine is in the treatment of ventricular fibrillation, particularly when it is unresponsive to initial defibrillation attempts. Lidocaine works by stabilizing the cardiac cell membranes and can be effective in managing the arrhythmias that may arise during resuscitation efforts.

In addition to its use in ventricular fibrillation, lidocaine is also indicated for treating symptomatic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), as it can help reduce the frequency and severity of these irregular heartbeats. Therefore, lidocaine is clearly applicable to both conditions, demonstrating its versatility in managing cardiac arrhythmias during resuscitation.

This comprehensive applicability to both conditions makes "all of the above" the correct choice, as it encapsulates the effective use of lidocaine in the context of the resuscitation scenarios presented.